In the past, the medical community believed that amino acids directly constitute proteins. However, scientists have discovered through research that amino acids cannot directly constitute proteins. Amino acids must combine with each other to form peptide chains, which then fold to form proteins. This article contains about 1,000 words and takes 2.5 minutes to read.

What are Peptides?

Peptide is a substance between amino acids and proteins. It is a combination of two or more amino acids connected by peptide bonds. Although there are only more than 20 kinds of amino acids that can be absorbed and utilized by the human body. However, different types and numbers of amino acids can be arranged and combined to construct hundreds or thousands of peptides.

With the gradual deepening of research in recent years, more and more biological functions of it have been discovered, giving great shock and joy to the international biological community.

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Research Directions of Peptides

A search of invention patents found that in terms of research on bioactive peptides, the United States has 11,515 patents, Japan has 4,473 patents, and the United Kingdom has 950 patents. The main areas focus on anti-cancer, immunity, beauty, anti-aging and other aspects.

At present, global peptide products are growing at a rate of 10% every year. International research on active peptides is mainly carried out in 3 fields: medicine, food, and feed (animal food). The main directions include anti-infection, immunity, and immunosuppressive peptides and their derivatives. peptide growth factors, cardiovascular, anti-tumor and anti-cancer peptides, food peptides, etc. This article will elaborate on each in detail：

1. Anti-infectious peptides include antibacterial peptides, antiviral peptides, and so on. They can inhibit or kill microorganisms. It has great prospects in medicine, food preservation, and alternative feed antibiotics.

The main reasons why anti-infectious peptides have broad prospects:

Human needs to fight bacteria and viruses.

Most antibiotics have developed resistance (drugs are ineffective). Humanity urgently needs to find a new class of anti-infective drugs that do not develop resistance. which are efficient, low-toxic or non-toxic to replace some traditional antibiotics.

2. Immune peptides can play an immunomodulatory role. For example, thymopentin (TP-5) injecting peptides has been artificially synthesized in Omizzur peptide lab. This product is mainly used for various diseases such as low immunity and anti-cancer and so on.

Immunosuppressive peptides and their derivatives: It currently be used to prevent transplant rejection and treat autoimmune diseases, the most representative product is cyclosporine A (CSA) in peptide treatment.

3. Peptide growth factor: It can strongly promote cell growth and regulate cell differentiation, growth, proliferation and function. Such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGG-I), interleukin transforming growth factor (TGF-1), nerve growth factor (NGF), science peptide etc. Among them, EGF has been widely used in dermatology, cosmetology, skin beautification and other fields.

4. Anti-tumor and anti-cancer peptides: More than 100 antibacterial peptides have been found to have anti-cancer activity. Such as melittin, RGD peptide, polyerrga, etc.

5. Peptide vaccines, diagnostic peptides, etc. Peptide vaccines are vaccines prepared through chemical synthesis technology based on the amino acid sequence of a certain antigenic epitope known or predicted in the pathogen antigen gene.

Peptide vaccines are safe, easy to prepare, highly specific, and easy to store and apply. It overcomes many shortcomings of traditional vaccines. They can be chemically synthesized on a large scale, is easy to purify, and is very safe for human application.

FAQs 1: The Role of Peptides

Small molecule peptides are one of the essential nutrients for the human body. They are the material basis for the body's immune defense function and are closely related to the tissueogenesis and organ development of the immune system.

Under normal circumstances, when antigens enter the body, they can stimulate the body to produce different levels of immune responses. The generation of various immune cells and the synthesis of antibodies require proteins and amino acids as raw materials or to participate in the process.

Small molecule peptides are molecules smaller than proteins and can be absorbed by the body faster. It is a substance that is easily absorbed by our body and the basis of life. Without peptides, there would be no life.

After small molecule peptides enter the body, they will automatically synthesize into various peptides needed by the human body, strengthen immune cells, regulate the human immune system, and improve human immunity.

After being taken by people, small molecule peptides can reach diseased cells in a short period of time, enhance cell activity, promote cell metabolism, and prevent virus cells from invading.

Small molecule peptides can activate the activity of immune cells such as macrophages and enhance the ability to phagocytose viral cells, mutated cells, and tumor cells.

Small molecule peptides can scavenge free radicals in the body and prevent further cell damage.

FAQs 2: Peptide VS Protein VS Amino acids

Peptides are better than protein :

High protein is an amino acid chain with a molecular weight of more than 50,000. It is eventually broken down into peptides by the human body before it can be absorbed. However, the amount of peptides synthesized by the human body after decomposing protein is very small. 

Too much high protein intake will have many side effects. It is nutritious in itself, but not functional. Peptide is not high protein. It is a functional protein. After people eat it, it will not cause overnutrition, but can also regulate the nutrition of the human body. balance.

Peptides are synthesized from amino acids and are better than amino acids:

Peptides are compounds in which two or more amino acids are linked by peptide bonds. They are thousands of times more powerful than a single amino acid.

After a century of development, the research on peptides has made breakthrough progress. The applications of peptides are becoming more and more widespread, involving industries such as medicine, food, and cosmetics.

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